TREATMENTS & SURGERIES

 India is a popular destination for brain tumor treatment due to its affordable prices, advanced medical facilities, and renowned specialists. The cost of treatment depends on the type and complexity of the surgery, but is typically lower than in many Western countries.  Common treatments for brain tumors include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. The most common type of surgery is a craniotomy, which involves drilling a small hole in the skull to remove the tumor. Another minimally-invasive surgical procedure is neuroendoscopy, which involves removing the tumor through small holes in the skull, mouth, or nose. 

 Plastic surgery is a type of surgery that is performed to remove all types of oddness from your body and make you look perfect with an absolute figure, shape, and size. It is a correctional surgery that is done for people who want to remove all kinds of imperfections from their bodies. Many people undergo plastic surgery or cosmetic surgery because they want to correct their body image and bring it to a proper shape. In India, many people go for plastic surgery to either change or correct their appearances.  

These two sections are:

• The first one is cosmetic surgery and
• The second one is reconstructive surgery.

 Corneal transplant surgery is a type of surgery which is also known as the corneal grafting, in this advanced surgical process, the damaged or diseased cornea is replaced by the healthy corneal tissue (the graft). It is an important surgery because it is used to restore the functional vision of the human eye.

The cornea is a type of transparent layer. This transparent layer is like a domed-shaped structure. It helps in protecting the eye from harmful external agents. These external agents can be dirt, germs, and other particles. Moreover, it also helps protect the eye from harmful ultraviolet rays. Another major task of the cornea is to focus the intake of the light according to the surroundings. It is responsible for limiting the amount of required light in the eye. Therefore, that is how it contributes to providing a clear vision. Corneal transplant surgery helps to restore the vision of the person. Surgery is applicable or suggested by doctors if the medicines, as well as other methods, are not effective in the treatment.

 Human beings are vertebrates and the spinal record, which remains within the long vertebral column, comprises one of the most important parts of the nervous system. Sometimes physicians and health care experts join two or more adjacent vertebral bones to form one solid and single bone through a surgery. This surgery is known as spinal fusion surgery of the vertebral column.  

The other names of the spinal fusion surgery are as follows:

• Arthrodesis
• Vertebral Interbody Fusion
• Anterior Spinal Fusion
• Posterior Spinal Fusion

 Hip/Knee replacement surgery is a surgical procedure where the hip joint is replaced with a prosthetic implant. Hip/Knee pain is caused by arthritis, fracture, rheumatoid arthritis, and other conditions that make it difficult to walk. Joint pain can impair people’s everyday activities, and sometimes surgery is the only option for severe cases that cannot be controlled with medication or rehabilitation. For these patients, hip replacement surgery may provide relief from pain and allow them to resume normal activities like walking. 

 A liver transplant is a procedure through which a person who has end-stage liver disease and/or acute liver failure receives a new liver from a donor. During surgery, the diseased liver will be removed and replaced with a healthy liver or a segment of a liver from the donor person. A liver transplant is an effective treatment for end-stage liver disease because it is considered to be curative. When you suffer from a liver disorder, it is more than likely that your body has already tried to naturally fight against it. 

 The kidney is a vital organ in the human body responsible for filtering the blood and excreting metabolic by-products. These metabolic by-products are passed off as urine. The kidney is also responsible for electrolyte balance and regulation of blood pressure.

Kidney diseases refers to conditions and problems with the kidneys and its function. Kidney diseases are majorly of two types; acute kidney disease and chronic kidney disease.

 Lung transplants in India are successful and can significantly improve the quality of life for patients with end-stage lung disease organ transplantation needs to be done when the problems or the disease of the organs cannot be treated with any medical drugs or surgeries.  Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers which arises in the lungs and it is also known as lung carcinoma. It occurs when the abnormal growth of cells begins in one or both of your lungs generally in the cells lining the air passages. These abnormal cells do not grow into healthy lung tissue and as a result of this, they divide for forming tumors. These innumerable and large tumors weaken the lungs and due to this, they cannot provide the bloodstream with oxygen. It most often occurs in people who smoke. As lung cancer grows, abnormal cells can form tumors and interfere with the functioning of the lung, which provides oxygen to the body via the blood. 

Gastroenterologists are trained to understand the normal movement of food through the stomach and intestine, nutrient absorption, waste removal from the body, and how the liver aids in digestion. This expertise enables them to diagnose problems such as:

• Colitis
• Hepatitis
• Pancreatitis
• Colon polyps
• Peptic ulcers
• Nutritional issues
• Irritable bowel syndrome (ibs)
• Gastroesophageal reflux (heartburn)
• Gallbladder and biliary tract diseases
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease (gerd)

 India has advanced hospitals that offer urology treatments and transplants using minimally invasive surgical techniques, 

 Here are some urology treatments and transplants:

• Holmium Laser Prostatectomy (HOLEP)A laser is used to remove the obstructive part of an enlarged prostate without incisions. 
• Da Vinci surgical systemA minimally invasive surgical system that uses 3D HD vision and wristed instruments that can bend and rotate beyond the human hand. 
• Kidney transplantationGleneagles Global Health City in Chennai is a well-known hospital for kidney transplants. 

Breast cancer is a common type of cancer and nowadays a large population of women suffers from breast cancer. It is a type of cancer that affects the breast cells and form lumps on the breasts in the form of tumors.

Breast cancer occurs in your body when the cells and tissues of the breasts undergo abnormal and uncontrolled cell division and growth after genetic mutation and recombination. Breast cancer generally affects the breast lobules, the adipose or fatty tissues of the breasts, the fibrous connective tissues, or milk- secreting ducts of the breasts due to the mutation of the cells and therefore damages the breast cells.

Ovaries, apart from helping in reproduction, forms one of the most vital parts of the female bodies, because they help in the production of estrogen and progesterone- the two most important hormones that not only help in fertilization and helping an embryo to develop within a woman’s womb, but also help in performing some other physiological functions of the body.

Ovarian cancer is a deadly disease that not only occurs in the ovaries but can also develop and affect some other parts of the body too. This type of cancer occurs when the cells within the ovaries begin abnormal cell division and show uncontrollable growth. The cancer primarily begins in the ovaries, particularly in the germ or the eggs cells, stromal cells that remain within the ovaries, and the epithelial cells in the external portions, and then gradually starts spreading into the other parts of the body.

 The uncontrolled cell of abnormal cells in the body is called cancer. These cells possess the ability to infiltrate and destroy normal body tissues. It develops when the body's normal control mechanism stops working. It can spread throughout the body and is considered the second-leading cause of death in the world. There are over 100 different types of cancer, each named after the type of cell or organ from which it originated. Cancer cannot be considered a single disease; rather, it is a collection of diseases. 

Laparoscopic surgery is also known by the name of minimally invasive surgery or by the name of keyhole surgery. There are numerous operations that can be performed with the help of laparoscopic technology. As the technique allows medical experts to analyze and examine the patient without having any serious invasive incision. Moreover, the success rate is very high in laparoscopic surgery. A wide range of operations that can be conducted are as follows:

• Laparoscopic hernia repair
• Laparoscopic spine surgery
• Laparoscopic cholecystectomy
• Laparoscopic appendix removal

 InFertility treatment refers to the medication followed in order to help those having problems bearing a child. So, artificial medical assistance is taken to aid them in the process. Since Fertility Treatment is used to cure conditions of infertility in patients, it is also referred to as 'Infertility Treatment' (Fertility Treatment) or the treatment to treat infertility. This kind of artificial medical assistance to aid reproductive functions is increasingly becoming popular day by day.  

Following are the causes of infertility (both men and women):

• Sperm causes
• Ovulation problems
• Tubal causes
• Age-related factors
• Unexplained infertility 

  One of the primary reasons people choose India for dental tourism is the significant cost difference. In Western countries like the USA, dental treatments are often expensive, and many procedures are not covered by insurance. In contrast, dental procedures in India are up to 60-80% cheaper Dental work in India creates an affordable and safe opportunity for non-insured Americans and Australian residents. For all those people who postpone their dental visits due to unduly expensive treatments in their home country – India is the key. 

Pediatric Cardiac Surgery often deals with heart problems in children, the cause of congenital heart diseases which are common heart ailments among newborn children and involves deficiencies like structural defects, congenital arrythmias and cardiomyopathies, which result in different kinds of abnormalities related to the heart. Congenital heart disease is a cause of improper growth of the heart or blood vessels before birth.

Sometimes heart surgery in children is required for repairing defects in the heart which a child might have born with (known as congenital heart defects) and heart diseases which he gets after birth, which require surgery. Pediatric Cardiac Surgery deals with operative procedures in the newborn and unborn children and youngsters suffering from cardiac dysfunctions, structural, functional and rhythm-related issues of the heart also.

Cancers of the head and neck can cause a variety of symptoms:

• Oral cavity: A white or red spot on the gums, tongue, or mouth lining; a growth or swelling of the jaw that causes dentures to fit poorly or become unpleasant; and unusual bleeding or discomfort in the mouth are all symptoms of the oral cavity.
• Throat (pharynx): Pain when swallowing; persistent pain in the neck or throat; pain or ringing in the ears; or difficulty hearing.
• Voicebox: Trouble breathing or speaking, pain when swallowing, or earache are all symptoms of the voice box (larynx).
• Paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity: Blockages in the sinuses that do not clear; chronic sinus infections that do not respond to antibiotic therapy; bleeding through the nose; recurrent headaches, edoema, or other eye issues; pain in the upper teeth; or denture troubles.
• Salivary gland: Swelling beneath the chin or around the jawbone, numbness or paralysis of the facial muscles, or persistent pain in the face, chin, or neck are all symptoms of salivary glands.

 There is a gland known as the thyroid gland that is present around your neck on either side of the throat. This is an important gland and a major of the endocrine system of the body that helps in the proper metabolism of the body and helps in the secretion of hormones such as thyroxine and vasopressin that control the level of oxygen in your blood, maintain proper heart rate, body weight, the blood pressure levels, and also provides the body with enough amount of energy and synthesizes heat inside the body to keep the body warm and in optimum temperature. But sometimes the cells of this organ or in its surrounding areas show abnormal division and growth that leads to the development of cancer. This case happens due to improper genetic mutation and recombination inside the thyroid gland which leads to a fatal condition of thyroid cancer. 

 Colon cancer is also known as bowel cancer or colorectal cancer is the cancer of the large intestine. It starts from the lower end of the large intestine commonly known as the rectum. After beginning from the rectum, it moves to other parts of the colon. It begins as non-cancerous polyps in the early stages. Polyps are non-cancerous small lumps of cells on the colon's inner surface. Screening can be used to detect non-cancerous polyps. Colon cancer is more likely to develop after the age of 50. Therefore, after the age of 50, it is strongly advised to have regular screenings.